Ferguson & Son Manufacturing Essay Example for Free

Ferguson Son Manufacturing Essay Ferguson Son Manufacturing company is attempting to increase efficiency and reduce cost by introducing monthly performance reports for each department. Robert Ferguson Jr is trying to introduce this new type of accounting system and when you try something like this you will always run into some problems, but Robert is creating a culture of resentment. Robert Ferguson is using a static planning budget to analyze the performance of each department. Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) define a planning budget as a budget â€Å"prepared before the period begins and is valid for only the planned level of activity (p. 385)† Robert is using a budgeted level of activity and comparing it to the actual level of activity as the basis for the evaluations. The information that is received from an evaluation done in this manner is going to be misleading. The budgeted level of activity is not always going to be the same as the actual level of activity, so a true comparison is impossible. For example my company manufactures safety belts for motor vehicles and the budget is based on an activity level of 5000 units for the period. The actual level of activity for the period is 4000 units and in result costs and revenue are lower than the budget amount. If our company compared the costs are going to be different simply because the activity level is different then the unchanged planned amount and the results will not provide conclusive data for performance and efficiency because there is no true controlled factor. Garrison, Noreen Brewer describe this as comparing apples to oranges. This type of system is going to provide incorrect data for performance, in result the company will not be able to understand their costs and true revenue potential. The planning budget system is going create discrepancies in the spending variance. According to Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) the spending variance is â€Å"the difference between how much a cost should have been, given the actual level of activity, and the actual amount of the cost (p. 91)† The spending variance can be evaluated as favorable or unfavorable, and this could effect how the product is priced or even purchasing new high tech equipment. You can not effectively utilize a spending variance in a planned budget system because you do not use the same activity level to compare cost. These are big decisions that can make a big impact on a companies revenue and if the system is not using the actual activity level and costs and comparing to the actual levels, the spending variance will be evaluated incorrectly. The planning budget system is going to effect the morale of the supervisors and employees dramatically. Robert Ferguson Jr is evaluating the performance of the supervisors and departments monthly based on amounts and activities that they have budgeted. This budget could be completely unrealistic and this will cause the entire staff to feel hopeless and bitter. Once people begin to feel hopeless, their work performance will fall, production and efficiency will naturally follow. Their work performance will take into consideration the quantity of their work, but more importantly the quality of their work. If your employees feel they have to cut corners to meet budget to keep their jobs, they will do so and the company could begin to alienate their customers. To continue the seat belt example, if my company had to produce 5000 units and this was impossible unless the workers cut a few corners; now the company has faulty seat belts going to car companies. This could cause a large recall on the cars that our clients produce and those clients are going to find a new company to work with for these products. In this example, my company just lost a tremendous amount of money due to an accounting system that demands so much of their workers that the quality of their work has to be sacrificed. This is all due to notion of increasing efficiency without comparing the activity levels and costs in the same manner. Ferguson Son Manufacturing should adapt a flexible budget system to improve efficiency. Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) define a flexible budget as â€Å"an estimate of what revenues and costs should have been, given the actual level of activity for the period(p. 385). Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) go on to say that â€Å"when a flexible budget is used in performance evaluation, actual costs are compared to what the costs should have been for the actual level of activity during the period rather than to the static planning budget (p. 385). † The activity level will change each period, through out the period as the business activity increases and decreases. Emory says, â€Å"those reports dont tell the whole story. We always seem to be interrupting the big jobs for all those small rush orders. All that set up and machine adjustment time is killing us. This is an example of the type of activity that is going to happen and needs to be taken into consideration when one is evaluating efficiency. The flexible budget will take into consideration this activity and compare the costs to the same level of activity. The current planned budget does not take this into consideration and these are issues that the supervisor has no power over. With the knowledge from the flexible budget, Robert Ferguson Jr may decide that if they purchase a new machine they could complete these rush orders, not have any idle time and in result increase efficiency. In the flexible budget system, Robert will be able to effectively evaluate the spending variance and assess the performance of his workers. The flexible budget is going to make the supervisors and other workers feel they are being measured fairly and can have a positive sense of accountability. During each accounting meeting supervisors like Tom and Jim will be able to walk in confidently, look at the activity of their departments, what their costs should have been based on the activity, what it was actually and see where they can improve. Tom and Jim have been working at Ferguson Son for a very long time and understand what they and their teams can accomplish. They have been praised for the quality of their work by Robert Ferguson Sr and their expertise can be the most efficient tool Robert Ferguson Jr has in the factory. Flexible budget system will create realistic goals for the workers and in turn relieve the negative stress being placed on them. The quality of work will not be sacrificed to cut costs, Tom and Jim will incorporate new work practices to increase efficiency. Activity-based costing could be a great tool for Ferguson Son Manufacturing f used properly. Activity-based costing is defined by Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) as â€Å"a costing method that is designed to provide managers with cost information for strategic and other decisions that potentially affect capacity and therefore â€Å"fixed† as well as variable costs. Activity-based costing is ordinarily used as a supplement to, rather than as a replacement for, a companys usual costing system (p. 273). † Activity-based costing takes into consideration all different types of costs as they relate to the activities, so managers can make more effective decisions. Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) state the implementation process for activity-based costing breaks down into five steps and these steps are define activities, activity cost pools, and activity measures; assign overhead costs to activity cost pools; calculate activity rates; assign overhead costs to cost objects using the activity rates and activity measures, and finally prepare management reports. The first step is going to require the company to interview supervisors of each department to understand the activities, activity cost pools and activity measures. This will involve the supervisors and give the company a better grasp of the activity, but make the supervisors feel they are a part of the process and team. This will in turn improve their confidence and overall morale. Once they have interviewed the supervisors and understand the activities, they will be able to assign overhead costs to activity pools such as the rent for the factory to production or the salaries of the marketing managers to the marketing department. The next steps will have them assign rates and costs to certain objects. Activity-based costing will allow Ferguson Son Manufacturing to become more efficient by giving them the ability to see what areas need the most improvement. Activity-based costing breaks down the costs for each department and activity in a way that Robert Ferguson Jr can assess the report and use the theory of constraint to locate the department that needs to improve and effectively take the steps to improve that department. As the system is continued to be used the company will see their efficiency rise and in results so will the company profits. Individuals are always working towards a purpose or some type of goal and that is what a budget can provide. I would utilize a budget to create a sense of urgency, competition and direction in the work place. I would utilize a responsibility accounting system. Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) define responsibility accounting as â€Å"a system of accountability in which managers are held responsible for those items of revenue and cost—and only those items—over which they can exert significant control. The managers are held responsible for differences between budgeted and actual results (p. 337). † This type system will allow the managers to be held responsible for the items they can directly control, by involving them in the process and not automatically penalizing them for not meeting their goals immediately. Everyone wants to feel there are part of a team and involved in the process of creating their own goals. I would implement a self-imposed budget system to help create a sense of control for all workers and managers of the organization. Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) define a self-imposed budget as â€Å"a method of preparing budgets in which managers prepare their own budgets. These budgets are then reviewed by higher-level managers, and any issues are resolved by mutual agreement (p. 338)†. I would create a budget committee that includes the managers to provide everyone in the organization this sense of unity. Once a budget is created and the workers have a sense of control and unity I would create an incentive program to encourage workers to accomplish and exceed their goals. I would implement a bonus incentive plan for my workers. This system would utilize the budget created by the organization and further inspire the workers to excel. People are motivated by many different things and most of them involve factors that are not directly related to the work place. People work to provide financial security for their family, prestige outside of work and pride for the work they do. A bonus program will give each individual the opportunity to accomplish any or all of these personal goals and contribute to the success of the organization. If each person in the organization is striving to surpass their goals, the organization will do the same and the results will be evident to the shareholders. Garrison, Noreen Brewer (2012) define return on investment as the â€Å"net operating income divided by average operating assets. It also equals margin multiplied by turnover (p. 475). † The return on investment is the profit of the organization. Activity-based costing allows larger companies to understand what their costs are, where they are coming from and how to effectively reduce them to create the largest return possible. Activity-based costing systems do have start up costs associated with them. The organization must train personal to understand the process and systems in order to properly accomplish these activities. The organization must interview staff to research their departments properly to get the accurate information vital to the success of activity-based costing. These costs are the reason many smaller organizations can not apply this system. Activity-based costing provides the organization with the ability to dissect their departments activities and costs. This will allow the organization to see what areas need improvement, what costs can be avoided, in result increase profits and free cash flow for possible expansion or upgrades. If Robert Ferguson Jr can see what departments are costing the company excessive amounts of money, he can lower or eliminate those costs. Once Robert reduces the cost of production, the revenue will rise and the return on investment will grow.

Film Essays - Comparison of the Movie, Life is Beautiful and the Bible

A Comparison of the Film, Life is Beautiful and the Bible Many elements of the film Life is Beautiful can compare to the Bible. For example, Guido, the main character, acts as a Christ figure in that he saves his son, Joshua from the evils of the Holocaust. Another example that compares with the Bible is the tank that is promised to Joshua. Finally, Guido’s death eventually saves Joshua from his own death. Such examples in the movie are comparable to examples in the Bible. In the film, Guido is a Christ figure to his son. During their imprisonment in the concentration camp, Guido explains things to his son in a way that shelters his son from the reality of what is happening. Guido loves his son and he protects his son from being hurt, even if doing so involved breaking rules and getting in trouble himself. In such a way did Jesus Christ love his followers. Jesus suffered to protect His people. Jesus loved his followers and was not selfish toward them. He always did what was right for the well being of His people, even when it was considered wrong or unla...

Cybercrime Law

Cybercrime Law: Is Now the Right Time for It? Issues about a certain bill, which was passed by our President Aquino, have grown since before the its implementation. This became a mainstream issue on the cyberworld and other media. Some were happy about the law’s provisions, but others, mostly, disagreed with its rules. The law’s called the Cybercrime Prevention Law which was proposed by Senator Tito Sotto, who was accused of plagiarism in two of his recent speeches. This law has a bright side, but it’s not enough to cover its ugly side. We have a right to freely say what we want, but with limitations. Freedom is not absolute.We must still be conscious on what we’re saying, or even posting on our Facebook walls. In the cyberworld, freedom is welcomed– playing, watching, reading, commenting, liking, sharing and even buying, what we want. Internet has been a jar of our hidden personalities. An individual’s attitude is changing when entering the cyberworld. And because of that, many became abusive of that freedom and use it to harm other people. This led the government to pass a law concerning the said emerging cyberproblem. The cybercrime law has many obvious disadvantages for netizens– almost all Filipinos are netizens. This law envisions a safe internet world.In line with that, the law contains very heavy punishments for the â€Å"abusive† netizens. The problem with that is the way the law considers an internet action abusive. Even liking a libelous content is counted as an abusive action? That’s ridiculous! Many would say that it’s for the safety of the Filipino people, but didn’t they think that it’s a way of depriving a democratic country of its freedom to express thoughts. That’s totally ironic. I’m not saying that that the deprives Filipinos of the freedom of speech totally, but mostly. That’s because Filipinos usually became more brave to express their thoughts on the internet.The law is a threat to proper justice. The law says that you can be imprisoned for almost 12 years if you are caught red handed on doing something in the internet that is abusive, but if you raped an innocent person, you’ll just be jailed for 3 years! That’s not right. Another thing , the law will be using 50 million pesos a year to successfully implement it, but don’t they know that more hungry stomachs need that amount? Surely, this will be an issue on the proper allocation of our national budget. Lastly, the Philippines has more alarming problems that should be thought first than the cybercrime.Shortage of food and water, poor shelter programs, overpopulation, growing unemployment and underemployment rate, and global warming are just some them. Why don’t they focus on those things? Cybercrime is a very controversial issue with the government this time, but they haven’t solved yet non-cyber crimes in the Philippines which are more life damaging. It’s funny that the government is keeping on acting that they can handle complex and new issues, even though they can’t manage to solve the common ones. The government and our country need to grow more before we go to that â€Å"cyber† matter.

Being A Student Of The Jewish Bible And A Disciple

Being a student of the Jewish Bible and a disciple in Jesus’ day was for the very few. Boys and girls went to school and began memorizing and studying the Torah from ages 6 - 10. By the age of 10, most children would have memorized the entire Torah the first five books of our Old Testament, Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. Imagine! At 10, formal education ended for girls and many boys. Most children began to apprentice the family trade or learn how to manage a household. The best students though continued their education at the next level. During their training, they would memorize the rest of the Hebrew Scriptures, so they knew Genesis – Malachi by heart. At 15, the best of those best students would continue to the next level of education while the rest began to learn their family’s trade. These best of the best students would go to a Rabbi and apply to become one of his disciples. And the Rabbi would choose the best of the best of the best, ones he thought might be able to follow him. Being a disciple involved more than â€Å"head† knowledge; they sought to become like the Rabbi. They wanted to do what the Rabbi did. Only the â€Å"cream of the crop† we might say, the very best of the best of the best were allowed to become disciples -- until Jesus. Today our Gospel in Disney sermon series is a movie that doesn’t quite fit the Disney mold. In most Disney movies, the heroes are clearly good even if their circumstances are poor, and the villains are clearlyShow MoreRelatedGospel of Matthew Essay example1396 Words   |  6 Pageshis teachings. It is believed that the Gospel originated with Matthew, one of Jesus disciples, and it circulated anonymously (Harris 149). The message in this gospel was compiled to minister to a Jewish and Jewish-Christian community when tensions between early Christians and postwar Jewish leaders aggravated bitter controversy. The Gospel of Matthew was written as an encouragement to the Greek-speaking Jewish Christians and Gentiles who were, at least partly, Torah observant during the 80s C.ERead MoreExegesis Of Matthew 13 : 44-501812 Words   |  8 PagesStudent 41520 Exegesis of Matthew 13:44-50 Introduction The Author of Matthew is decisively agreed to be Matthew the disciple of Jesus. The book is dated between AD70 and AD80. The setting is in and around Galilee where Jesus began His ministry. In Matthew we find that this Gospel is the only book that comes alongside the Old and New Testament canonization that bridges these two periods in history. Jesus came to bring salvation but faced rejection from His own people the Jews. William BarclayRead MoreEssay on Matthews Christology1423 Words   |  6 PagesMatthews Christology Matthew’s Christology is one that emphasises to a Jewish audience the Jewishness of Jesus. It will be the purpose of this paper to argue that the raison d’etre of Matthew’s Christology is to portray Jesus as entirely compatible if not with the Judaism of his day then with ancient Judaic tradition, namely the Old Testament. Whilst there are numerous titles given to Jesus that are exclusive/predominant within the Matthean account, such as that of Son of God, it is the writer’sRead Moreâ€Å"Compare and Contrast the Portrait of Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of John.†1269 Words   |  6 Pagesclear that the different perspectives in the portrayal of Jesus are significant in their own right. It is likely that Matthew wrote for Jewish Christians in Antioch, Syria (c. 85 CE) (Mudge Taylor et al, 1994, p. 157). Matthew’s primary concern is Jesus as Teacher. In contrast to this however, John’s Gospel was most likely authored a round 90CE for people of Jewish and Gentile backgrounds (Mudge Taylor et al, 1994, p. 157). For John, the divine Jesus comes to bring ‘life’ and ‘light’ to humanityRead More Apostle Paul Essay1212 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The disciples of Jesus Christ were faithful to record the words and actions of the Lord. Through His actions and character, Jesus Christ influenced history. Jesus Christ was crucified, died, and resurrected, which changed world history as we know it. He told his disciples He would die and on the third day he would be resurrected. Jesus died to pay the sin debt of the world. The Lord led a sinless life, but was the one who took on the sins of the world. There is no other person whoRead MoreThe Birth Of Christianity : Christianity1981 Words   |  8 PagesChristianity is defined in the Cambridge Dictionary as â€Å"the Christian faith, a religion based on the belief in one God and on the teachings of Jesus Christ, as set forth in the Bible.† As we read this definition, we must consider that Jesus Christ was the main force in the birth of Christianity. Through his faith, teachings, actions, sacrifice, and resurrection, I believe he has been one of the most influential peop le in the history of the world. The birth of Christianity follows the historyRead MoreEssay about The Gospel of Thomas1536 Words   |  7 Pages assumed by a few early Christians. Thomas is actually Hebrew for twin, and Didymus is Greek for twin as well. According to saying twelve, the disciples said to Jesus, â€Å"We know that you will depart from us. Who is to be our leader?† Jesus said to them, â€Å"Wherever you are, you are to go to James the righteous, for whose sake heaven and earth came into being†(Gospel of Thomas: saying 12). As I was reading the Gospel of Thomas and read over saying twelve, I believe that Jesus is stating that his brotherRead More The Definition of Disciple Essay example2404 Words   |  10 PagesThe Definition of Disciple Discipleship is the core of Christian ethics, especially as the last command of Jesus (28:19). When I heard the word â€Å"disciple† in childhood Sunday School, I envisioned an eager, bearded man with dirty robes straining intently towards Jesus, like a child begging to hear more of a bedtime story. In high school youth group, we talked about being good disciples by obeying the rules: no kissing, no running, no talking in church. But as I re-read Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s stirringRead MoreMary Magdalene: a Character Study (a Disciple of Jesus) Essay3783 Words   |  16 PagesMary Magdalene: A Character Study (A disciple of Jesus) Setting: Biweekly Prayer Group Length of Delivery: 45 minutes for each lesson I. LESSON I A. Introduction. 1. Who was she? a. Matthew 27:56,61: 28:1 b. Mark 15:40,47; 16:1-19 c. Luke 8:2; 24:10 d. John 20:1-18 2. What is her name? 3. Where she lived? a. She was from Magdala, aRead MoreReflection Paper - Virgin Birth, Jesus Claim God, Bible Authority1136 Words   |  5 PagesChristianity. I hope to answer the questions, â€Å"Does the Bible have authority?†, â€Å"Did Jesus claim to be God?†, and â€Å"Did Jesus need to be born of a virgin?†. These three questions can be summarized with the question, â€Å"Is God reliable in what he has said about Himself, and if we can t take His Word for it, then what?† II. Section One The question of the authority of the Bible rests on the issue of the authority of its author. If the author of the Bible did not have authority, then it is highly unlikely

The New Imperialism Of The Late Nineteenth Century

Melania Fernandez Professor MacLeod History 102 Final Exam May 9, 2016 PART I Part I: 2 Long Essays (70 points) 2. What were the causes of the New Imperialism of the late nineteenth century? What were some of the arguments to justify this imperialism? What were the results or consequences of this imperialism? 4. Considering the period 1933 to 1945, analyze the economic, diplomatic, and military reasons for Germany’s defeat in the Second World War. Causes and Effects of The New Imperialism in World Wars What is the New Imperialism and what were the cause and effects in the World Wars in order to understand what is the â€Å"New Imperialism†, we must first learn and define Imperialism: a policy or practice by which a country increases its power by gaining control over other areas of the world: the effect that a powerful country or group of countries has in changing or influencing the way people live in other, poorer countries. The New Imperialism takes on effects in the late 19th century this is when there is an interest or wanting to gain a imperial territory, Imperialism is also consider to be when there is a desire to control a trading routes and resources in a nation. A perfect example of the New Imperialism is called the Scramble for Africa, this is when Europe tries to takes control over Africa. In the late 19th century Europe struggle to destabilize and to balance the power that they once had before Italy and Germany became unify. The rise of many non EuropeanShow MoreRelated The Compelling Motives of European Imperialism Essay794 Words   |  4 PagesThe Compelling Motives of Imperialism The presence of Europe in Africa in the late nineteenth century was one of extreme power. The countries of France, Britain, and Germany had especially large claims to the African continent during this time. The motives of imperialism for these countries greatly define Europe at this time. Insatiable desires for economic markets, power and political struggles, the motivating belief in Social Darwinism, and the European idea of superiority were the drivingRead MoreTo What Extent Was Late Nineteenth-Century and Early Twentieth-Century United States Expansionism a Continuation of Past United States Expansionism and to What Extent Was It a Departure?1184 Words   |  5 PagesTo what extent was late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century United States expansionism a continuation of past United States expansionism and to what extent was it a departure? Throughout the history of the United States, America had a desire to expand its boundaries. The United States acquired most of its land during the nineteenth and early twentieth century with a brief break during the Civil War and Reconstruction. However, the way America went about graining new lands drasticallyRead MoreNotes on Colonialism and Imperialism1489 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 33 Notes * Foundations of empire * Motives of imperialism * Modern imperialism * Refers to domination of industrialized countries over subject lands * Domination achieved through trade, investment, and business activities * Two types of modern colonialism * Colonies ruled and populated by migrants * Colonies controlled by imperial powers without significant settlement * Economic motives of imperialism * European merchants and entrepreneurs made personalRead MoreWhat attracted European imperialism to Africa to Asia in the late nineteenth century.1585 Words   |  7 PagesMortimer Chambers et al define imperialism as a European state s intervention in and continuing domination over a non-European territory. During the Scramble for Africa in the late nineteenth century, the most powerful European nations desired to conquer, dominate and exploit African colonies with the hope of building an empire. According to Derrick Murphy, in 1875 only ten percent of Africa was occupied by European states. Twenty years later only ten percent remained unoccupied. There wereRead MoreAmerican Imperialism the United States (U.S.)1562 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century’s the United States (U.S.) pursued an aggressive policy of expansionism extending its political and economic influence around the world. What is imperialism? Why this policy was adopted and how it was rationalized. The major events that took place and which countries of the world the U.S. became involved due to this policy. 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However, by the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, United States expansionism looked abroad with new interest, because, as a rising industrial power, the U.S. needed to find foreign markets in which to sell its manufactured products and from which to acquire raw goods. This new age of United States expansionism was a continuation of past expansionism. America s hunger for land and powerRead MoreCauses Of Imperialism1107 Words   |  5 PagesImperialism Essay Growing up, many children play the board game â€Å"Battleship,† where a player’s main goal is to conquer his opponent’s ships and, eventually, land. Similarly, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the nation of Europe and other countries took over and influenced countries that they believed were inferior to them. This process, known as imperialism, is defined as â€Å"a policy of extending a countrys power and influence through diplomacy or military force† (googleRead MoreImperialism in the 19th century1746 Words   |  7 Pagesgreat deal of Imperialism in the 19th century, led by mostly westerners from Europe. Imperialism is the act in which one nation extends its rule over another. Imperialism had a substantial effect on the 19th century throughout the entire world by bringing upon changes to many different countries, for better and for worse, especially to Africa. Prior to the nineteenth century, westerners did interfere with many of the affairs of nations outside of their boarders, so signs of imperialism are shown manyRead More Comparing Colonialism and Imperialism in Heart of Darkness and Kiplings Poetry1515 Words   |  7 PagesImperialism in Heart of Darkness and Kiplings Poetry   Ã‚  Ã‚   Imperialism sprung from an altruistic and unselfish aim to take up the white mans burden1 and â€Å"wean [the] ignorant millions from their horrid ways.†2 These two citations are, of course, from Kipling’s â€Å"White Man’s Burden† and Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, respectively, and they splendidly encompass what British and European imperialism was about – at least seen from the late-nineteenth century point of view. This essay seeks to explore

The Snows of Kilimanjaro Essay - 1497 Words

It is my claim that Ernest Hemingway’s piece, â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro† is most effective at showing how trivial life can be as it regards to what people think is needed to be successful in life for three main reasons. The reasons are that people put too much time into achieving unrealistic goals, people get too involved in obtaining their goals and do not appreciate what they have, and people have the wrong idea about success and can not obtain true success with the wrong vision of what it is. Some people put too much time into achieving their unrealistic goals, and never realize them and then end up wasting most of their life and lively hood in search of their personal success. Those same people also never stop to appreciate what they†¦show more content†¦This work is appealing to this audience because they can identify with the main character Harry and his feelings of regret and self doubt of his accomplishments and position in life. Only when people g et closer to death do they start to look back on their lives, and question whether they have done all they wanted or not. Lots of men in their late 30’s to late 40’s also tend to have a mid-life crisis where they wonder what they have done with their life. Theses people can identify with Harry and can be targeted as the specific audience. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The symbols used through out the story are what make â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro† an appealing piece of literature. The vultures which descend upon and fly above the camp and the hyena who visits the camp signify naturally, in the context of the situation, the presence of death. The gangrenous leg of the dying writer is another symbol, of course, of death. But in the larger context, since Harry is a writer, they symbolize his moral corruption and artistic decay. Beyond this Harrys wife being a rich woman symbolizes the very forces which have brought about the destruction of his integrity. She is precisely identical with the gangrenous leg, and hence with the vultures and hyena. All of these areShow MoreRelatedThe Snows of Kilimanjaro1507 Words   |  7 PagesIt is my claim that Ernest Hemingways piece, The Snows of Kilimanjaro is most effective at showing how trivial life can be as it regards to what people think is needed to be successful in life for three main reasons. The reasons are that people put too much time into achieving unrealistic goals, people get too involved in obtaining their goals and do not appreciate what they have, and people have the wrong idea about success and can not obtain true success with the wrong vision of what it is.Read More Snow of Kilimanjaro Essay3386 Words   |  14 Pages In this story â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro†, the author Ernest Hemingway has basically two main characters, Harry and his wife, Helen. Throughout the story Harry has an infected leg, which seems to be seriously bothering him, it is actually rotting away. The author writes about Harry’s time on the mountain with his wife just waiting for his death. In his story, Ernest Hemingway shows a great deal reality and emotion through his main character Harry, in the books themes, and its symbols. The author’sRead MoreThe Snows Of Kilimanjaro Analysis1234 Words   |  5 PagesOsifowode Professor Linda Daigle English 2328 July 19, 2017 Hemingway – The Snows of Kilimanjaro Among the key elements in any play, character development and themes remain crucial since they help in understanding the setting and the play in general. In most cases, these elements are hidden so that a deeper meaning can be obtained from a scene when trying to pass the message across. In the play, â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro† by Ernest Hemingway, we can observe several features that are distinct as explainedRead MoreThe Snows of Kilimanjaro -Analysis1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Snows of Kilimanjaro The story opens with a paragraph about Mt. Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa, which is also called the â€Å"House of God.† There is, we are told, the frozen carcass of a leopard near the summit. No one knows why it is there. Then we are introduced to  Harry, a writer dying of gangrene, and his rich wifeHelen, who are on safari in Africa. Harry’s situation makes him irritable, and he speaks about his own death in a matter-of-fact way that upsets his wife, predictingRead MoreSnows of Kilimanjaro Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pagesmost well-known works is The Snows of Kilimanjaro. This short story centers on a man known only as Harry, who is slowly dying of an infection of gangrene in his leg. He is a writer who laments not writing enough, and the short story deals mostly with the psychology of him dying while lamenting and recalling various things in his life. This leaves room for copious amounts of interpretation, with many scholarly essays having been written about The Snows of Kilimanjaro interpreting themes, motifs, charactersRead MoreAnalysis of Hemingways The Snows of Kilimanjaro2081 Words   |  9 PagesThe Snows of Kilimanjaro - analysis Hemingways The Snows of Kilimanjaro is a story about a man and his dying, his relationship to his wife, and his recollections of a troubling existence. It is also, more importantly, a story about writing. Ernest Hemingway’s background influenced him to write â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro.† One important influence on the story was that Hemingway had a fear of dying without finishing his work. Hemingway could well express the feelings of Harry because they bothRead MoreWinter Dreams And The Snows Of Kilimanjaro945 Words   |  4 PagesThe stories I have chosen to write about are: â€Å"Winter Dreams† and â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro†. Both stories are through the eyes of the male lead characters, Harry from â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro† and Dexter from â€Å"Winter Dreams†. Money and wealth cannot ensure that a man is content with his life, which ultimately leads to regret as shown in both stories. Blindness by objects of temptation fo r moments of happiness will lead to life’s reflections when able to see again only to look at reflectionsRead MoreSnows Of Kilimanjaro By Ernest Hemingway1229 Words   |  5 PagesSnows of Kilimanjaro by Ernest Hemingway gives different viewpoints about Hemingway’s life and marriage. Hemingway gives the character Harry, who gets an infection in his leg and is suffering from great pain, a different outlook on his life when death gets involved. When describing such themes as death, infection and the small and unimportant values of life, we see a different kind of Harry come out of the story. A bashful, unkind, and shameful Harry is brought into our imagination with such imageryRead MoreThe Snows of Kilimanjaro by Ernest Hemingway848 Words   |  4 PagesHe was sick; he has on the brink of death as his life began to catch up with him. Harry, the main character in â€Å"The Snows of Kilimanjaro† by Ernest Hemingway, lays on a cot at the plains of Kilimanjaro dying from gangrene due to a self-inflected wound he never took care of. While on the edge of death, his true identity as a person begins to shine through. Is Harry a good man merely preparing for death in a terrible way? Or was his truly deceptive and abusive personality shining through at his lastRead More Reflections on Death in The Snows of Kilimanjaro Essays1463 Words   |  6 PagesReflections on Death in The Snows of Kilimanjaro      Ã‚  Ã‚   Hemingways The Snows of Kilimanjaro is stereotypical of The Lost Generation and their values. They were a generation of expatriated US writers that lived and wrote between the Great Wars and thought of themselves separates from the postwar values and above the materialistic western society and continuously question morality and philosophy in their work. They tended to think very little of the rich people. These reflections on life

Ageing Population In Singapore Human Life †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Ageing Population In Singapore Human Life? Answer: Introduction Time is an imminent force that binds human life and activities, and its most prominent manifestation is felt in the form of ageing. A nations populace is said to be ageing when the average age escalates, unaffected by demographic factors like death-rate, birth rate, annual migrations and so on. This is a problem many South Asian countries, where governments are faced with the uphill task of providing facilities like healthcare, accommodation and basic amenities to older people who cannot actively contribute to the economy. This adversity is particularly pertinent in Singapore, which happens to be one of the most rapidly augmenting economies in the world. Discussion Situation overview Notwithstanding the nations economic strong-footing, Singapore has a shocking meagre rate of birth and a steep quota of ageing people. When Singapore became independent from Malaysian rule in 1965, its populace was about 1.8 million, who were mostly labourers and farmers devoid of formal education. The mean age of the citizen has hiked drastically to 36.9 in 2015, with people above 65 constituting 11.8% of the populace, which was about 11.2% in 2014. Demographic studies reflect that old age benefits policy has been altered in the past few decades, with the number of citizens in the 16-64 age-group has been dwindling progressively since 1970 (Swee-Hock, 2012). Governments Take Singapores Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong expressed his apprehensions that if this trend continues, the populace pyramid will turn upside down by 2050, even taking immigration into account. From 220,000 in 2000, the population of the 65-plus age-group doubled to 440,000 in 2005, and is estimated to rise to 900,000 in 2030 (Kelly, 2017). This has resulted in sandwiched households, in which about two adults are sustaining both the younger and older generations. This is bound to adversely affect Singapores healthcare facilities and the opportunities for the coming generations (mom.gov.sg, 2017). Rapid ageing will take a toll on the nations economic progress; as most companies are bound to suffer from productivity issues. Low Birth-rates The cause of this situation can be traced back to three main factors. Firstly, the mindset of people has undergone a significant change since the boosted births of the late 1940s. These days, Singaporeans are more focused on building prosperous careers, with better education and increased exposure to global media. People are growing less eager to have babies, as it would affect their careers, especially the mothers. Under such circumstances, the birth rate at present is decreasing, causing the ratio of old age to increase as the population of young citizens is lowering rapidly. Increased Fertility in the 1940s The second reason is the post-war baby boom of the late 1940s. After the war, people felt safer and more eager to have babies at the prospect of a bright future in a peaceful nation. Most of these children are over 65 now (Heok, 2014). The war had caused a lack of good and accommodation already, and the situation worsened. The government imposed the two-child norm and promoted abortion and contraceptives in order to curb the increasing needs at a time of severe deficit. These measures proved to be greatly successful and the rate of births took a sharp pitfall. The abruptly pared number of children caused a drop in the ratio of children in the total populace of Singapore, and a subsequent rise in the ratio of older men. This is precisely the key factor that spurred the relative ageing of the population. Enhanced Life-expectancy The advancement of medical sciences is the third factor that has contributed to the ageing population in Singapore. Efficient health care has resulted in bringing down the mortality rates in all countries across the world. Hence, this is not an influence on Singapore alone, and can also be seen with the ageing of the population in Japan, China, Norway and other countries. According to Statistics Singapore, the rough rate of deaths (per 1000 people) was 5.2 in 1970. That figure was cut short to 4.5 and 4.4 in 2000 and 2008 respectively (Rutherford Socio, 2012). The mortality rate has been in steady downfall since 1970, and so has the ratio of elderly people increasing. This clearly bears testimony to the advancement of medical facilities of Singapore, which is ranked sixth in the world by WHO (Huang, Yeoh Toyota, 2012). Favourable government policies have greatly helped the elderly in bringing down the medical expenses for the older people, who cannot earn as much. The government la unched the Eldershield policy, a scheme akin to the 3M framework of Medishield, Medisave and Medifund. Under such schemes, elderly people are enabled to meet their expenses while also invest their funds for future benefits (straitstimes.com, 2017). Other Nations Such a situation of ageing of the population is present in other countries as well, the notable ones being Japan, Italy, Greece and Germany. Japan is estimated to have the oldest population, as it has the highest ratio of elderly residents- with 25.9% of the population aged 65 and above. Japan experienced a baby boom after World War II, between 1947 and 1949. However, the nation was faced with productivity problems, and like the Singapore government, the Japanese Government legalised abortions and encouraged the usage of contraceptives (Muramatsu Akiyama, 2017). This led to a low fertility and the subsequent ageing of the population, which has potent effects even today. In Germanys case, the problem can be attributed more to political outlooks and gender biases. After World War II, having to choose between kids and careers, most German women focused on jobs, resulting in a decline in birth-rates. Since the reunification of Germany in 1903, the government is trying to boost the rate of births, with considerable effect. Conclusion To round the discourse up, the government of Singapore have realised that they are faced with a serious demographic adversity, and are making efforts to address the problem. The issue poses a threat not only for the society and healthcare facilities, but most importantly, on the economy of Singapore. To that effect the government has taken up measures like re-employment after retirement of elderly people, exclusive housing and transport facilities, reduction in taxes, free medical facilities and so on. A time will come when this adversity will reach its peak; however, the Singaporean government and people look to be preparing for the situation in advance. References: Heok, K. E. (2014). Ageing Baby Boomers. Write Editions/Tusitala (RLS) Pte Ltd. Huang, S., Yeoh, B.S. Toyota, M. (2012). Caring for the elderly: the embodied labour of migrant care workers in Singapore. Global Networks, 12(2), pp.195-215. Kelly, N. (2017). Singapore feeling impact of rapidly ageing population.Today Online. Retrieved from https://www.todayonline.com/singapore/singapore-feeling-impact-rapidly-ageing-population mom.gov.sg. (2017).Retirement.Ministry of Manpower Singapore. Retrieved 26 August 2017, from https://www.mom.gov.sg/employment-practices/retirement Muramatsu, N., Akiyama, H. (2017). Japan: Super-Aging Society Preparing for the Future. The Gerontologist, 51(4), 425-432. Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist/article/51/4/425/599276/Japan-Super-Ageing-Society-Preparing-for-the-Future Rutherford, T., Socio, A. (2012). Population ageing: statistics. House of Commons library (Standard not. Retrieved Jan 2, 2013, from: www. parliament. uk/topics/PopulationArchive. straitstimes.com. (2017). Healthcare needs to transform to cope with ageing population: Health Minister. Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/eldershield-being-reviewed-panel-to-submit-proposals-by-end-2017 Swee-Hock, S. (2012). The population of Singapore. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.